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Jennifer Margulis

Mothering Outside the Lines

Cribs, Playpens, Bassinets Associated with Infant Injury, Death

February 25th, 2011

Since the baby almost always sleeps with us and usually naps on the big bed, I keep wondering if we should dismantle the crib in the corner of our room. Mostly it stands empty. Sometimes I pile it with clean laundry I haven’t had a chance to fold.

We bought the crib eleven years ago when Hesperus was just a few days old. Still sore from a difficult birth, I tottered into a baby superstore in Atlanta, Georgia, with my husband and best friend Sue flanking me. Sue carried the baby.

Hesperus was a flail-y sleeper. Even as a newborn, Hesperus rarely fell asleep nursing (though I did). I napped curled around her tiny body, holding her foot in my hand. We also put her in her crib. Everyone we knew told us not to sleep with the baby, to let her “cry it out,” and to teach her to sleep on her own. My dad bought me the Ferber book on “solving” your child’s sleep problems even though in retrospect I realize that the baby didn’t have any. I read it. I wish we hadn’t listened but we did. James and I spent several difficult evenings upset and holding each other as we listened to the baby cry herself to sleep in the other room. After that, when she was tired Hesperus dove for the crib. When I think of it now I feel like I betrayed her, leaving her alone to comfort herself when she needed me most. But I wouldn’t be telling the whole story if I didn’t add that she’s always been our best sleeper. I don’t credit the sleep “training” (which could be more aptly dubbed sleep “abusing”) but the fact that Hesperus was the only one of our four kids to comfort herself by sucking her thumb. Though I remember her having fussy nights, Hesperus usually slept long and often, waking briefly for a quick diaper change and a midnight nurse. I loved her crib. She loved her crib.

Until she learned to climb out of it. Then, for a few very difficult months, every nap and every night was an opportunity for our toddler to practice her gymnastics, pad down the hall, and wander around the house looking for uncovered wall sockets and sharp objects.

Babies #2 and #3 used the crib, but not nearly as often. As our family grew, we learned to listen more to our instincts and we realized it was often easier to have a baby in bed with us.

Now there’s a new study, which was just published in the March issue of Pediatrics, the journal of the American Academy of Pediatrics, that analyzes the injuries associated with cribs, playpens, and bassinets between 1990 and 2008. The study reveals some surprising facts:

–There is an average of 9,561 crib, playpen, and bassinet injuries a year in American children under two.

–More than 9 million cribs have been recalled by the US Consumer Product Safety Commission since 2007 because of safety issues.

–An average of 113 children died a year from crib-related deaths. Often from getting caught or wedged in the crib. The study authors suggest because of lack of reporting the number of crib-related deaths actually might be much higher.

The authors of the study conclude that more attention needs to be paid to nursery product safety. But most cultures around the world, and many parents in the United States have a different answer: sleep next to your baby on a firm mattress and forego the crib, bassinet, and playpen completely.

Does your baby sleep alone in a crib or in bed with you? Are you concerned about crib safety?

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[ 29 comments ]

What No One Tells You About Bonding With Baby

February 7th, 2011

BB_1Although I wanted a baby my whole life, I felt totally overwhelmed when my first was born. I didn’t have trouble bonding with her but I did have trouble with everything else.

Twenty-nine years old, I was a fiercely independent Type A graduate-student-turned professor used to having boundless energy who thought she could do it all. I was sore and upset from a difficult hospital birth. We had very few friends with kids. I didn’t know it was okay to accept—let alone ask for—help. When my friend Veronique and her mother offered to bring over food, I was too embarrassed to say okay. Our tiny, squawky, beautiful frog-legged daughter was seven days old. My breasts hurt. I was exhausted. I didn’t feel like getting out of bed. But I came out and socialized. And made Veronique and her mother lunch.

It wasn’t until a whopping breast infection forced me to slow down that I began to realize that Life After Baby might move at a different pace than Life Before Baby. It took a long time after that for me to understand that I’d be a better person for all the changes.

If we spend time thinking about it (which we often don’t), most of us believe we’ll transition into motherhood easily. I’m sure lots of women have no problems in those early heady days of being a first time mom. But I’d also be willing to bet that even the moms who look like they were born to smile at their babies (and manage to find time to take a shower) have ups and downs at the beginning.

With the vantage of hindsight, a lot of parents confess that the early days of life with a new baby were hard. Many moms I’ve talked to over the years have had trouble bonding with their babies, a process they assumed would be natural and easy. (I’ve written about my difficulties bonding with my second born here.)

When Megan’s son was born nothing went as planned. Megan expected an on-time baby and a typically long first labor. Instead Tristan was born six weeks early and delivered in under two hours.

“I was shocked,” she remembers. “I really didn’t have time to know what I felt.”

The doctors whisked her five-pound son off to the neo-natal ICU, where he was kept for a week. Not allowed to sleep with her baby, Megan had to open her shirt and bare her breasts in front of the nurses, doctors, and other parents in the NICU in order to cuddle and breastfeed Tristan. She felt frantic with worry and had a really hard cementing their bond.

“The NICU is not conducive to bonding. It’s too bright, too sterile, and filled with noisy machines that monitor your baby’s every breath and heartbeat … Babies are enclosed in their plastic isolettes … They get poked and prodded at by nurses daily. And they’re often put on artificial feeding schedules that don’t jive with your mother-instincts,” Megan told me a few years ago. “It takes a very clear head—which is distinctly not where you are after the birth of your baby—to keep a good sense of your priorities and to be able to bond with your child.”

Although some women bond instantly with their new babies, others find that bonding is hard won. It wasn’t until Tristan, who grew into a golden haired toddler with green eyes and a mischievous grin, was four months old that Megan felt truly connected.

“Once I got him home, I felt more at ease,” she says. “But also terrified by my fatigue and the overwhelming responsibility of caring for a newborn. To be honest, I only really stopped feeling insane at about three or four months, once our rhythms were a little more settled and he (and I) seemed less fragile.”

Myth: Normal women bond right away with their babies.

Reality: It often takes time to feel really connected to a new baby. If you’re caring for your child—holding him, feeding him, cuddling with him—even if you don’t feel deeply connected, you’re doing what you need to do. The bonding will come, in its own time.

“Don’t beat yourself up if you don’t immediately swoon over the screaming, wet miracle that just gave you stretch marks and a prolapsed bladder,” says my friend Holly, a mother of four from Frederick, Maryland who found bonding with her children to take longer than she expected. “Just put in the time—the bonding will come.”

Myth: If you have negative feelings about your new baby you’re not a good mother and you won’t bond with your child.

Reality: Negative feelings are perfectly normal and no indication of parenting competency, whether they’re directed at a newborn, a stubborn toddler, or a disrespectful teen. “It’s very normal to have ambivalent feelings,” said Jane Babbit, a labor and delivery nurse I talked to who has been helping new moms for over 25 years.

If you have dark thoughts about throwing yourself under a truck, leaving the baby on the roof of the car, or worse, you’re not alone. Though most women are ashamed to admit to these kinds of bad feelings, many of us have them. There’s a reason why many totalitarian regimes use sleep deprivation to torture dissenters. But what do you do when you’re home with a baby and you can’t turn off the Negative Channel in your brain? The best way to combat bad feelings is to get help and not become isolated, Babbit says. Join a new mom’s group at the hospital, find a breastfeeding support group through La Leche League, start a playgroup, and be honest with friends and family that you’re suffering and need help. Connecting with new moms and sharing your feelings are often all that you need to help them go away.

Myth: Even after a hard labor, you forget the pain and feel instantly connected to the baby.

Reality: A physically or emotionally traumatic labor often requires a longer recovery and may mean that it takes longer for you to feel connected to your baby than if your labor goes smoothly. Disappointment, feelings of failure, and a long postpartum recovery may all take your attention temporarily away from your newborn and shake your self-esteem.

That’s what happened to Margot of Newburg, Oregon, when her son was born. Although she had no trouble bonding with her first two babies, both girls, her long third labor exhausted her to the point of apathy. “The labor was long and then suddenly stopped,” she told me. “I needed artificial hormones to get the contractions going again, and after many more long and miserable hours of labor, out he popped. I took a look at him and thought, ‘Who cares!’ I rolled over and went to sleep.”

Morgot’s son spent his first 48 hours in an incubator, taking bottles from the nurses. When the nurse finally brought David in she warned Margot he would not know how to breastfeed. “I felt nothing,” Margot recalls. “Finally, he was out of danger, and it was time to hold David in my arms and feed him myself. We looked at each other—strangers. I held him to my breast. He opened his mouth and glommed on fast. Trouble feeding, no way! I stroked the fuzz on David’s head. The distant, ‘what’s the big deal’ feelings of a moment ago were pulverized. A sense of love and nurture flowed from my milk into David’s tiny frame. We bonded forever, and are close to this day.”

A lot of new moms don’t get over their negative feelings as quickly as Margot did. “After a long hard labor, it’s no wonder women sometimes feel great distance from this little stranger who has arrived to take over their lives,” says Meredith Small, a cultural anthropologist at Cornell University and the author of Our Babies, Ourselves: How Culture and Biology Shape the Way we Parent, “Bonding is not instantaneous, but a process—a relationship that grows from being together over time.”

Myth: New moms and new dads have similar bonding experiences.

Reality: While both parents can simultaneously feel bonded to the new baby, when one parent is having trouble bonding this often makes room for the other parent to bond.

“I was intimidated out of my mind,” my friend Katelyn, whose son was born by emergency C-section, remembers. Her husband cared for Aidan and held him most of the time because she was terrified that she would drop him. Although Michael bonded easily with the baby, the process was much harder for Katelyn. “I felt like I was thrust into a new world that no one had prepared me for … there was so much to do to keep this tiny person alive. Michael was much more sure of himself.”

Megan’s husband also had a much easier time adjusting to becoming a father than she did. “[The experience in the] NICU was actually a blessing in disguise for my husband,” she says. “Had we been at home, it would have been all about non-stop, unhindered mother-son time. But in the hospital, while I was in surgery (for removal of my placenta) and recovery, Michael was by Tristan’s side. He never missed a single feeding for the entire week we were there. I would go off and pump milk, while he fed Tristan the milk I had previously pumped. So he got some great bonding time with his son that he might not otherwise have had.”

For another mom’s husband the opposite was true. Leah bonded so strongly to her son Kevin—who was very fussy and nursed non-stop—that her husband Ethan felt left out. “I think Ethan felt a bit overwhelmed by the crying, which Kevin did quite a lot of,” Leah explained. “Ethan felt there was little he could do to help, since he wasn’t the one with the mammary glands. Eventually, Ethan became a wonderful and involved parent, but in the beginning, his task was predominantly one of handing Kevin over to me when he cried.”

Something else no one tells you: As your baby grows, your relationship with her changes as well. You can bond instantly with a baby who will then bring you to your knees when she’s a toddler or feel distant from a newborn who ends up becoming your best friend.

What kind of experiences have you had bonding with your baby?

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[ 22 comments ]

On the Care and Feeding of a Four-Month-Old

March 5th, 2010
Leone Tripoding

Leone Tripoding

When Leone was born she looked like a prizefighter who had lost the match: her eyes were puffy and her face was squashed. She came out frowning, unsure about the world where she suddenly found herself.

Now, four months old,she’s much less skeptical. She’s a serious little creature but she has a good sense of humor and a patient, kind, sociable disposition.

She can’t really roll over yet but she can wriggle.

She’s such an accomplished wriggler that if you put her on her tummy she’ll kick and flail and manage to move somewhere. Then she raises her eyebrows in stunned surprise, as if to say “Where am I?”

She dislikes being on her tummy. Unlike her three siblings, she actually seems to sleep more peacefully on her back. I know that’s supposed to be the safest position for newborns but I’ve always put my babies on their tummies because they would not sleep in any other position.

We lie her on her back so much she has a bit of a bald spot on the back of her head–a telltale sign that she needs more tummy time.

“But her head’s not flat,” James says every time I tell him or one of the big kids to GET THAT BABY OFF THE BACK OF HER HEAD!

Flat or not, that little bald spot is telling us something (and it’s not that she needs anti-dandruff shampoo).

Four Months Old, Leone Loves to Suck her Thumb

Four Months Old, Leone Loves to Suck her Thumb


She Also Likes Baby Wrestling With Big Brother Etani

She Also Likes Baby Wrestling With Big Brother Etani


Grabbing Noses is Fun Too!

Grabbing Noses is Fun Too!


And Being Held by Big Sister Hesperus

And Being Held by Big Sister Hesperus

Leone loves to be outside in the front pack or the Ergo Baby back carrier. When she sees either one her eyes light up, she smiles so wide she drools, and she kicks her legs excitedly. She’ll stay quiescent for a long time when she’s being carried, and then drift off to sleep.

She also loves:

  • grabbing hair and tugging it up and down,
  • eating her siblings’ noses,
  • making google-y eyes and smiling at people from the safety of my lap,
  • sucking her thumb,
  • sucking someone else’s inverted pinkie finger,
  • lying on her back and playing with her feet and sucking on her big toe,
  • practicing tripoding, which she can almost do,
  • talking (Leone: “Ah da ba!” Etani: “Oh, really?!” Leone: “Ah bah bah bah!!”),
  • nursing–she likes this so much that she laughs with glee when she sees a breast heading her way.

Here’s what this four-month-old doesn’t like:

  • loud noises, especially the clattering of plates. When we empty the dishwasher it makes her startle and sometimes she’ll even cry. (She also doesn’t like it when Etani shouts instead of talks at the dinner table which, unfortunately, is a nightly occurrence),
  • being alone,
  • going in the car when she’s tired–this makes her scream,
  • having to go pee when someone’s holding her–she’ll squirm and fidget and complain to indicate that she needs to go,
  • being hungry–her cry for food is very different from her other cries. She says “Ut ut ut ut,” which is almost exactly the noise Hesperus used to make,
  • having a wet diaper–if she doesn’t fuss to indicate she has to go, she’ll squirm and protest right after she’s gone to let you know she needs a change,
  • being held by anyone other than her mom, dad, two sisters, or brother. When it’s dinnertime and she’s getting fussy, she even cries real tears if anyone other than me tries to hold her. As soon as I take her (maybe it’s my smell?), she quiets right down.

Leone naps a lot (except when I’m on deadline with no one to watch her). She usually wakes around 6:00 a.m. and stays alert until the girls leave for school around 8:00 a.m. Then she takes a nap, which lasts anywhere from half an hour to a couple of hours.

She wakes up again for awhile, nurses, pees, and stays awake for another variable stretch. The afternoon nap is usually longer than the morning nap, followed by a longer stretch of alertness.

Leone nurses every two to three hours, sometimes more. Any longer than three hours and my breasts get swollen and sore. She doesn’t spit up as much as she used to but you can usually find a white patch of baby yogurt on my sleeve or back.

“My lovey bucket,” Athena likes to call her. Athena sighs when she looks at her. “Mommy, the baby is sooooo cute,” she says, as if she can barely stand it.

I know exactly how she feels. I can feel Leone’s cuteness all the way down in the tips of my toes. I love her so much it makes me ache. We all do. I’ve never had such a sweet baby and I’ve never appreciated a baby as much as I appreciate her.

But it’s heartbreaking too. Even as I write this she is growing. I know it’s her job to get bigger and accomplish new tasks but I can barely stand it.

Happy four months Baby Leone. I love you.

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[ 17 comments ]

Taking the World by Scowl

February 10th, 2010

When Leone emerged into the world in a rush of amniotic fluid she was scowling.

James saw a frown on her upside down face even before her body came out.

It was as if she were saying, “What is this place? Where am I? What am I doing here?”

James imitating Leone's frown as she was being born

James imitating Leone's frown as she was being born


Now that she’s three months old she often has frown lines on her brow.

She’s not a fussy baby.

In fact, she barely cries.

On Sunday I took her to a parent meeting and she spent the two hours smiling, cooing, and drooling. But she still scowls at the world and often looks serious. It’s as if she’s an old soul and she already suspects there may be great injustice in the world.

Then the scowl passes and her eyes crinkle and her whole face smiles.

I wonder what all this frowning is about. I know that a baby’s personality is little, if any, indication of what she’ll be like as a toddler, preschooler, school-aged kid, teenager, or adult. I know the only constant with babies as they grow is change.

But I wonder if Leone will always have a dubious approach to new experiences.

Spluttering amniotic fluid, she let out a lusty cry a few seconds after she was born. James and I laughed and cried with her. She quieted down in less than a minute, naked on my chest, her tiny face pressed against my heart.

This week she learned how to laugh. It started as a guttural plosive “huh!” when James would tickle her stomach or put her toes in his beard. Then her 10-year-old sister was sitting with her reading a funny book and started laughing out loud. Leone looked in surprise at her sister and smiled. The next time Hesperus laughed suddenly, Leone giggled. We’ve been getting her to laugh by surprising her with a giggling face, a peek-a-boo, or a fake sneeze (”ah choo” in a high squeaky voice) ever since.

This baby seems to combine the best of everything: a sense of humor, a patient personality, and an affectionate nature all with a healthy scowly sense of dubiety about this crazy world.

What tricks do you have to make a baby laugh? What does your under one-year-old set find funniest? Share your ideas in the comment section below. I’ll test them on my little scowler and report back next week.

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[ 5 comments ]

Leone’s Hands

February 5th, 2010

The baby has found her hands.

Five-pronged flying saucers that hover in front of her face.

She gets very still when they come into view, fascinated by these UFOs.

Is it a bird? Is it a plane? I'll taste it and find out...

Is it a bird? Is it a plane? I'll taste it and find out...

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[ 4 comments ]






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Want to Change My Life...And Break out of the SAHM Role---Re-Posted posted by allthesekids, Thu, 08 Dec 2011 14:36:13 +0000
How to stay positive when DH is negative? posted by rockportmama, Sun, 04 Dec 2011 21:31:30 +0000
I feel lost and lonely (kinda long and a bit of a rant) posted by DesertFlower, Sun, 04 Dec 2011 19:11:43 +0000
Help me battle the green eyed monster posted by greenmom4, Fri, 25 Nov 2011 14:38:01 +0000
need to know im not the only one :-( posted by totallyhadenuff, Thu, 24 Nov 2011 08:05:23 +0000

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